WSL2

✅ This is a tutorial of installing on WSL2

Install WSL2

Start using WSL

Open powershell using administration rights, and input:

dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart

Requirement of WSL2

For x64 system, the version of win10 must be 1903 or higher.
Using “win + R” and input winver to check.

Start Virtual machinel platform

Open powershell using administration rights, and input:

dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart

Install Linux Kernal Updating

Download Link: https://wslstorestorage.blob.core.windows.net/wslblob/wsl_update_x64.msi
Install.

Setting the default version 2

Open powershell using administration rights, and input:

wsl --set-default-version 2

Then, WSL2 is already installed.

Update to WSLg

将win10更新到最新的版本

Open powershell using administration rights, and input:

wsl --update
wsl --version
# display:
WSL version: 1.0.3.0
Kernel version: 5.15.79.1
WSLg version: 1.0.47
MSRDC version: 1.2.3575
Direct3D version: 1.606.4
DXCore version: 10.0.25131.1002-220531-1700.rs-onecore-base2-hyp
Windows version: 10.0.19045.2364

否则说明win10还不是最新的，继续更新

Install Archlinux on WSL2

Download Archlinux

Download link: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinux/iso/latest/
Find and Download archlinux-bootstrap-2020.10.01-x86_64.tar.gz .

Install Archlinux by LxRunOffline

1. Input the command in powershell

LxRunOffline i -n <自定义名称> -f <Arch镜像位置> -d <安装系统的位置> -r root.x86_64

example:

LxRunOffline i -n ArchLinux -f C:\Users\dionysen\Downloads\archlinux-bootstrap-2020.10.01-x86_64.tar.gz -d C:\Users\dionysen\Linux -r root.x86_64

2. Change WSL2 version in Archlinux

wsl --set-version ArchLinux 2

Configuration

Basic Configuration

wsl -d Archlinux
rm /etc/resolv.conf
exit

The terminal window will be unavailable, so you should reopen a new terminal window, then:

wsl --shutdown Archlinux
wsl -d Archlinux
cd /etc
vi pacman.conf

Add following code in the end of pacman.conf:

[archlinuxcn]
Server = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch

And change the mirrorlist:

vi ./pacman.d/mirrorlist

Remove the comment of a Chinese source.

pacman -Syy
pacman-key --init
pacman-key --populate
pacman -S archlinuxcn-keyring
pacman -S base base-devel vim git wget

passwd # input the password of root
useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash <username>
passwd <username>
vim /etc/sudoers

Use /wheel find the line wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL and remove the comment.

id -u <username>
exit

Execute the command in powershell to set default user of Archlinux:

lxrunoffline su -n Archlinux -v <username>

Install Ubuntu20.02 in WSL2

wsl --list --online		# 查看可直接安装的发行版列表
# 显示如下：
PS C:\Windows\system32> wsl -l --online
The following is a list of valid distributions that can be installed.
Install using 'wsl.exe --install <Distro>'.

NAME               FRIENDLY NAME
Ubuntu             Ubuntu
Debian             Debian GNU/Linux
kali-linux         Kali Linux Rolling
SLES-12            SUSE Linux Enterprise Server v12
SLES-15            SUSE Linux Enterprise Server v15
Ubuntu-18.04       Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
Ubuntu-20.04       Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
OracleLinux_8_5    Oracle Linux 8.5
OracleLinux_7_9    Oracle Linux 7.9

# 安装ubuntu 20.04
wsl --install Ubuntu-20.04

然后打开终端，打开ubuntu-20.04，创建用户和密码

换源+更新

然后安装anaconda

Install Anaconda on Ubuntu

wget https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/Anaconda3-5.3.0-Linux-x86_64.sh
chmod +x Anaconda3-5.3.0-Linux-x86_64.sh
./Anaconda3-5.3.0-Linux-x86_64.sh
yes
ENTER

安装完成之后，检查版本：

anaconda -V
conda -V

使用anaconda

换源：

cd
vim .condarc

编辑.condarc ，添加清华源

# add to .condarc
ssl_verify: false
channels:
  - defaults
show_channel_urls: true
default_channels:
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
  conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  pytorch-lts: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud

更新：

conda update -n base -c defaults conda # 升级anaconda

conda create -n myconda python=3.7 		# 创建虚拟环境，名称为myconda（可以修改
conda info --envs 						# 查看已安装的虚拟环境
conda activate myconda					# 激活环境myconda
conda deactivate						# 关闭当前环境

conda list				# 查看conda的包
pip list				# 查看pip的包
# 给pip换源  （也可以直接使用命令更换阿里源：
# pip config set global.index-url https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
cd
mkdir .pip
vim .pip/pip.conf
# 添加以下内容
#-----------------------------------------
[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
format = columns
trusted-host = mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn
#-----------------------------------------
pip install jupyter 	# 安装jupyter
jupyter notebook		# 开启jupyter notebook服务

附加配置

systemd

编辑 /etc/wsl.conf

[boot]
systemd=true

WSL distros 的备份还原

• 备份

wsl -l -v
# 显示为
  NAME            STATE           VERSION
* Ubuntu-20.04    Running         2

wsl -t Ubuntu-20.04
wsl --export Ubuntu-20.04 E:\SystemBackup\ubuntu-wsl2-2022.11.29.tar

• 还原

wsl --import <distro-name> <install-path> <backup-file>
# e.g.
wsl --import Ubuntu c:\wsl2 d:\save\linux\wsl2.tar

WSL-Ubuntu安装 [[Computer/Programming/Language/Qt|qt]]

sudo apt install qt5* qtcreator

创建项目时如果出现“no suitable kits”，点击“option”查看配置，如果“QT version”为“none”，则选择 /usr/lib/qt5/bin/qmake，保存即可。